Le 21 Novembre 2024, la Cour Pénale internationale a ordonné un mandat d’arrêt contre le Premier Ministre d’Israël (et contre son ancien Ministre de la Défense jusqu’au 5 Novembre 2024).
Au vu de la gravité de ce jugement sans précédent comparable et des polémiques qu’il suscite, il peut-être utile de reprendre en langue originale les principaux extraits de cette décision :
« - Mr Netanyahu and Mr Gallant bear criminal responsibility as civilian superiors for the war crime of intentionally directing attacks against the civilian population of Gaza
- A conduct similar to that addressed in the warrant of arrest appears to be ongoing
- Mr Netanyahu and Mr Gallant each bear criminal responsibility for the following crimes as co-perpetrators for committing the acts jointly with others: the war crime of starvation as a method of warfare; and the crimes against humanity of murder, persecution, and other inhumane acts
- The Chamber also found that the alleged crimes against humanity were part of a widespread and systematic attack against the civilian population of Gaza.
- Both individuals intentionally and knowingly deprived the civilian population in Gaza of objects indispensable to their survival, including food, water, and medicine and medical supplies, as well as fuel and electricity,
- Their conduct led to the disruption of the ability of humanitarian organisations to provide food and other essential goods to the population in need in Gaza
- No clear military need or other justification under international humanitarian law could be identified for the restrictions placed on access for humanitarian relief operations
- Mr Netanyahu and Mr Gallant bear criminal responsibility for the war crime of starvation as a method of warfare.
- There are reasonable grounds to believe that the crime against humanity of murder was committed in relation to these victims.
- By intentionally limiting or preventing medical supplies and medicine from getting into Gaza, in particular anaesthetics and anaesthesia machines, the two individuals are also responsible for inflicting great suffering by means of inhumane acts on persons in need of treatment
- The crime against humanity of persecution was committed
- Mr Netanyahu and Mr Gallant bear criminal responsibility as civilian superiors for the war crime of intentionally directing attacks against the civilian population of Gaza
Sans préjudice d’appel et de jugement ultérieur au fond, le mandat d’arrêt ordonné par la Cour est immédiatement exécutoire.
Les autorités des États signataires du Statut de la CPI sont tenues de « prendre immédiatement des mesures pour faire arrêter la personne dont il s’agit » (article 59)
Tous les 27 États de l’UE sont individuellement signataires du Statut.
En vertu de l’accord entre l’UE et la CPI de 2006 « L’UE et les pays de l’UE prennent des mesures pour assurer la pleine coopération des pays tiers avec la CPI, notamment l’exécution rapide des mandats d’arrêt. » (https://eur-lex.europa.eu/FR/legal-content/summary/agreement-between-the-eu-and-the-international-criminal-court-icc.html)
Le Haut Représentant de l’UE a confirmé que « les décisions de la CPI sont contraignantes pour tous les États signataires du Statut de Rome, ce qui inclut tous les États membres de l’UE. » (https://www.euractiv.fr/section/politique/news/pour-josep-borrell-le-mandat-darret-contre-benyamin-netanyahou-est-contraignant-pour-tous-les-etats-de-lue/)
JGG (22/11/2024)
Comments